Petroleum coke (petcoke) is a solid product of the refining process. Many products are derived from a barrel of crude oil (e.g. gasoline and diesel) and petcoke is one of those products. After gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuels and lubricating oils are manufactured from crude oil, some refineries put the remaining material through additional processing called coking. Coking uses heat to crack or break down large hydrocarbon molecules to produce “fuel grade” petcoke, a highly stable, solid fuel as well as other grades of petcoke. Petcoke is produced from all types of crude oil including light, sweet crude oil and heavy sour crude.

In addition to the storage and handling guidance provided above, sites should take steps to minimize fugitive dust emissions generated during on-site activities related to transportation. Trucks leaving the premises should be cleaned and steps should be taken to ensure the petcoke loads are appropriately covered or wetted, with consideration given to treating with anti-dust chemical agent to prevent emissions. Specific steps to consider include, but are not limited the following.

— Site speed limits— restrict to an appropriate limit for site such that fugitive dust is not created.

— Use of speed bumps to manage speed of transport vehicles.

— Enforce on-site speed limits to minimize stirring up petcoke fugitive dust.

— Truck trailers

— After loading, if the petcoke is leaving the site, the transportation company should take the appropriate steps to manage potential fugitive dust emissions.

— Truck trailer tops may be covered with a tarp after being loaded.

— As an alternative to full covers and as local circumstances allow, truck trailers may be able to use a narrow top opening cover.

— Covering may not be necessary as long as the petcoke is kept wet and the guidelines for storage and loading/unloading are followed.

— Trailers may be equipped with single, wide tires as opposed to dual tires to avoid carrying out any coke between the tires.

— Truck washing — wheel washing and use of rumble strips.

— During non-freezing conditions, trucks should be washed after being loaded with petcoke.

— Trucks can drive through an automatic truck wash prior to leaving the loading area, or

— manual wash can also be utilized

— After unloading, trucks/trailers should be sprayed/washed before exiting the plant.

— Rumble strips should be used to help vibrate loose petcoke from the truck prior to washing.

— Truck operators should brush off any spillage onto ledges of trucks after loading process is complete.

— Management of water collected from washing activities

— Sites should have a system in place to collect and manage the runoff water from washing the trucks.

— The use of berms can be an effective system to route runoff water to proper treatment areas.